By Frank Armstrong
The Bank of England may have given UK PLC an economic boost with its recent interest rate cut of 1.5%, but the credit crunch isn't just affecting big business and the banking sector. The average person in the street is feeling the squeeze too. So will the reduction of the base rate to 3% offer any short-term relief to the customers holding a total of 72 million credit cards, beleaguered by interest charges far and above the base rate?
Mortgage borrowers are eagerly awaiting news of the trickle-down effect reducing their monthly mortgage repayments. But credit card customers have been warned not to expect the same benefits, with interest rates on cards remaining unchanged. Consumers look set to continue paying an average of just over 17% APR on their cards, with no change as a result of the base rate cut due any time soon. The credit card lenders tend to only reduce interest rates to attract new customers, with 0% deals for fixed periods being the carrot of choice to draw customers in. However, in the current economic climate, lenders are reluctant to expose themselves to potential problems further down the line. An impulsive reduction of rates could actually compound the issue, destabilising an already shaky financial marketplace. Nobody wants to see another major firm go to the wall, and a sudden reduction of income as a result of APR cuts could start a chain reaction that would be difficult to bring under control. For the moment, maintaining the status quo is a more pragmatic approach.
The lenders are concerned at exposing themselves to more 'bad debt', as cardholders struggle to meet repayments in the worsening economic climate. As a result, the card companies are not passing on the rate cut to their customers, despite Government attempts to boost the economy at ground level through fiscal policies that often seem to be knee-jerk reactions to the latest headlines. As a result, the credit card market looks set to be the next target of Gordon Brown and his Chancellor, as the Government calls for a ?new, responsible approach? to lending.
Store cards are some of the worst offenders, cashing in on customer loyalty and a high street that relies on continuous spending. The average credit card APR rate has risen from 16.8% in 2007 to 17.6% today, despite the interest rate almost halving from 5.75% to 3% during the same time. Store card rates have risen more sharply, up by 1% over a six-month period. The most expensive store cards now charge an average of 30%. Government officials have been angered by the reluctance shown by card lenders to reciprocate the base rate cuts, accusing the credit card companies of behaving "irresponsibly" despite the mounting pressure from the Government and the public to mirror the base rate cuts with cuts of their own APR levels. Credit card lenders, however, remain steadfast in their refusal to adjust interest charges, knowing that to do so could damage the market far more than 'instant fixes' such as rate cuts.
The fear is that credit card companies, suddenly aware of their exposure to 'bad debt', are coming down hard on debtors over relatively small sums of money owed on cards, sometimes after the cardholder has missed only a couple of monthly payments. The mounting interest charges can mean that the minimum monthly repayment barely covers the cost of administration charges and interest payments. The Citizen's Advice Bureau backs up this claim, saying that 20% of all new debt inquiries in 2007-08 related to credit card, store card and charge card debts. The Consumer Credit Counselling Service also stated that it had seen a surge in 'charging orders' by card firms, as the lenders try to minimise their debt positions.
The US has responded to the credit crisis by ensuring that interest charges to credit cards have been mirroring the base rate cut, but the UK has yet to follow suit, despite only a 2% difference in base rates between the two countries. Card lenders put the blame squarely on the Government?s shoulders, claiming that regulation such as the Office of Fair Trading?s 2006 decision to put a ?12 cap on penalty fees, as well as their own falling profits on payment protection insurance, is responsible for increasing the cost of credit. They claim that this leaves them unable to reflect changes in the base rate by cutting the APR rate on credit cards. With this in mind, reductions in credit card interest rates look unlikely any time soon. However, with a little bit of legwork and a pocket calculator, a clever consumer can still find some good credit card bargains, with some card lenders bucking the trend and continuing to offer incentives to new and existing customers.